5 to 30 Minute Timer

A switched timer for intervals of 5 to 30 minutes incremented in 5 minute steps. Simple to build, simple to make, nothing too complicated here. However you must use the CMOS type 555 timer designated the 7555, a normal 555 timer will not work here due to the resistor values. Also a low leakage type capacitor must be used for C1, and I would strongly suggest a Tantalum Bead type. Switch 3 adds an extra resistor in series to the timing chain with each rotation, the timing period is defined as :

Timing = 1.1 C1 x R1

Note that R1 has a value of 8.2M with S3 at position "a" and 49.2M at position "f". This equates to just short of 300 seconds for each position of S3. C1 and R1 through R6 may be changed for different timing periods. The output current from Pin 3 of the timer, is amplified by Q1 and used to drive a relay.

Parts List:
Relay 9 volt coil with c/o contact (1)
S1: On/Off (1)
S2: Start (1)
S3: Range (1)
IC1: 7555 (1)
B1: 9V (1)
C1: 33uF CAP (1)
Q1: BC109C NPN (1)
D1: 1N4004 DIODE (1)
C2: 100n CAP (1)
R6,R5,R4,R3,R2,R1: 8.2M RESISTOR (6)
R8: 100k RESISTOR (1)
R7: 4.7k RESISTOR (1)

DC Protection / Time Delay for Loudspeaker

DC Protection / Time Delay for Loudspeaker

A exceptionally useful circuit for all the final amplifiers, but also in other applications that we needed some time delay and protection DC. The particular circuit combines enough operations, as: [ 1 ] Smooth departure of benefit of AC line of network, with delay 1sec, to the transformers of power supply of amplifier, via the RL1 and the resistance Rx. (see block diagram). [ 2 ] Delay of connection of expenses of final amplifiers, in headphone, in order that noises emanating from the charge - uncharged of capacitors of power supply, they do not pass in them. Simultaneously becomes control of exit of amplifiers for existence of continuous voltage [DC]. If all go well it connects, the amplifiers in loudspeaker. At the duration of operation of amplifiers, exists continuous control, for DC voltage in the exit of amplifiers, unplug him loudspeaker, if is presented problem ph. "opens" some transistor in the final stage and passes the voltage of supply to loudspeaker. [ 3 ] Clue of situation ERROR, optically with the LD3 (can is flash led) and soundly with buzzer (BZ). [ 4 ].
A other operation that exists and with difficulty will find in proportional circuits, is also the existence second relay (RL3), with parallel contacts in the main relay (RL2), connection the loudspeaker in the amplifiers, that it little closes afterwards the RL2. The idea I add one still relay, was supported in the problems that exist, after frequent use of RL2, his contacts are degraded by the electric arcs that are created when it opens and closes relay. Result is a spectrum of frequencies, because the high resistance that is developed in the contacts, the sound of be degraded.
This problem is untied to a large extent, if are added, other contacts at the same time with first, that would close after them, remaining thus clean, one and are not created, on them, differences of potential, so that they are degraded. The circuit can work excellently also in actively loudspeaker one and the circuits of detection DC, afterwards the J2, can make so much all loudspeakers we have. In this case, they will need so much circuits of protection, that actively loudspeaker, we have. In the BLOCK diagram I give a flavour of typical connections, that can become, when the circuit use in stereo amplifier and his supply are taken from main power supply his.
How it works.
The supply of circuit becomes from a AC line in the J1. This voltage can be from a separate transformer 2X12V (the prices of materials that I give it is for 2X12V AC), from existing coil 12V in their M/T of power amplifier or if it cannot become somebody from the two, then from the coils of mainly supply final amplifier, adapting always the prices of resistances R1/2 and R3, proportionally the price of voltage that is supplied the amplifier, according to the law of Ohm and the fall of voltage that we want to achieve (R=V/i). The voltage that it should we have in point A, before the IC2, should is bigger than + 15V 200mA, the IC2 supplies all the relay and led. The remainder circuit is supplied by the R3/D9. When we supply the amplifier with voltage of network (220V AC), charge the C6 via the R4, the price in the entry of IC1a is (H) exit (L) Q1- RL1, is in cutting off. In line with being first the M/T of power supply, intervenes the RX, which ensures smooth connection the M/T in the network, avoiding the burn of fuses, specifically if the force power supply, is big. After 1sec after charge the C6, his negative pole goes to 0V, the entry of IC1A becomes 0V (L), conduct Q1 closes the RL1, short the resistance RX and all the voltage of network is applied in the M/T. Simultaneously turns on LD 1. Via the R5 charge slow the C7 (~5sec), when charge the situation in the pin5 of IC1b become (H), (the other are already (H) from the R23), exit is (L) and the exit of IC1C (H), the Q2 drive the RL2, giving the output of amplifiers in loudspeaker. Simultaneously via the R13 charge the C8 (~2 sec). Hardly charge the C8, conduct the Q3 and close the contacts of RL3, at the same time with those of RL2. The circuit is in complete operation. If we interrupt the line of network all the supply?s fall very fast, with result all relay is cut off, very rapidly cut off, him loudspeakers. If are presented some continuous voltage in entries J2/1 and J2/4, the two circuits of detection DC, then the Q5 or Q6 conduct and lead the entry of IC1b to pin 5 to 0V (L), with result the exit is become (H), the exit of IC1c to be become (L), transistors Q2-3 are cut off and away also the RL2-3 to open, disconnect, him loudspeakers, from the output of amplifiers, until is raised the cause of presence DC.. The same time the exit of IC1D, becomes (H), Q4 conduct, the buzzer [BZ] sounds and turns on the LD3, signaling error. The intensity of sound of BZ, can be regulated from the TR1, but it can it is suppressed if we do not want sound clue of error. The prices of times can change, if are changed capacitors C7-8, with different capacity. Resistances R1-2 if use finally, R3 and R?, should be in some distance from pcb, one and likely hot. The IC2 should enter on heatsink, specifically if the voltage of entry exceeds the +15V. Big attention it should we give in the circuit round resistance RX/CX and the contacts of RL1, because the voltage of network is dangerous (DANGER of ELECTROCUTION). For this reason good it is insulation. What it should we are careful is the quality of all relay, is very good and from known constructor.
R1-2=See text*
D1-4= 1N4007
R3=470R 1W*see text
D5-8= 1N4148
R4-5= 1M D9=12V 1.2W Zener
R6-7= 1K D10-22= 1N4148
R8-14= 15K LD1-2= LED
R9-15= 56K LD3=Flash Led [RED]
R10-16= 56K BZ= BUZZER 12V
R11-17= 10K J1-4= Connectors
R12-13= 39K TR1= 10K Trimmer
R18= 39K RL1-3= 12V 2X2(10A)RELAY
R19= 1K2
R20= 1K
R21-22= 3K9
R23= 22K
R24= 39K
RX= 47R 10W
C1= 220uF 63V
C2-5= 47uF 63V
C3-4=100nF
C6= 1uF 25V
C7= 4.7uF 25V
C8= 470uF 16V
C9-14= 22uF 16V
C10-13= 33uF 63V
CX= 33nF 630V
IC1= 4093 cmos

IC2= 7812T
Q1-4= BD679
Q5-6= BC550C

Power-On Time Delay Relay

Power-On Time Delay Relay

Here's a power-on time delay relay circuit that takes advantage of the emitter/base breakdown voltage of an ordinary bi-polar transistor. The reverse connected emitter/base junction of a 2N3904 transistor is used as an 8 volt zener diode which creates a higher turn-on voltage for the Darlington connected transistor pair. Most any bi-polar transistor may be used, but the zener voltage will vary from about 6 to 9 volts depending on the particular transistor used. Time delay is roughly 7 seconds using a 47K resistor and 100uF capacitor and can be reduced by reducing the R or C values. Longer delays can be obtained with a larger capacitor, the timing resistor probably shouldn't be increased past 47K. The circuit should work with most any 12 volt DC relay that has a coil resistance of 75 ohms or more. The 10K resistor connected across the supply provides a discharge path for the capacitor when power is turned off and is not needed if the power supply already has a bleeder resistor.

Low Voltage, High Current Time Delay Circuit

Low Voltage, High Current Time Delay Circuit

In this circuit a LM339 quad voltage comparator is used to generate a time delay and control a high current output at low voltage. Approximately 5 amps of current can be obtained using a couple fresh alkaline D batteries. Three of the comparators are wired in parallel to drive a medium power PNP transistor (2N2905 or similar) which in turn drives a high current NPN transistor (TIP35 or similar). The 4th comparator is used to generate a time delay after the normally closed switch is opened. Two resistors (36K and 62K) are used as a voltage divider which applies about two-thirds of the battery voltage to the (+) comparator input, or about 2 volts. The delay time after the switch is opened will be around one time constant using a 50uF capacitor and 100K variable resistor, or about (50u * 100K) = 5 seconds. The time can be reduced by adjusting the resistor to a lower value or using a smaller capacitor. Longer times can be obtained with a larger resistor or capacitor. To operate the circuit on higher voltages, the 10 ohm resistor should be increased proportionally, (4.5 volts = 15 ohms).